In Australia, this study shows that breast cancer may be caused by an abnormal breast stem cells arise from stem cells that is difficult to kill with conventional chemotherapy. When the patient began to improve when the disease appears, will be re-discovered breast cancer cells. If the discoveries have proved applicable to humans, scientists can for abnormal breast stem cells, drug development, so that not only can eliminate tumors, cancer cells can eliminate the source of regeneration of the organization.

The long term that the use of breast stem cells can be used to grow breast tissue for breast reconstruction after mastectomy surgery, or breast augmentation surgery. The study was published in the 5 “Nature” magazine, from Melbourne Institute of Walt艾丽扎霍尔team led by Jane Weisiwade completed the second study, their first female rats from the breast Fat Lane isolated mammary stem cells.

They will one of these cells transplanted into a living female mouse breast fat years, and all of its original breast tissue removed. The regeneration of cell division, finally, in mice breasts grow in all the normal breast cells, and mammary gland function was normal, can secrete milk.

Therefore, the researchers suspect that breast stem cells in the formation of breast cancer play an important role. If the stem cells carrying a genetic defect, breasts may have breast cancer cells, gradually formed a “tumor base.” Perhaps this is seems to be successful in the conventional treatment, patients with recurrence of breast cancer also causes.

The purpose of chemotherapy is a fast separation of cancer cells, however, because the stem cells to regenerate more slowly, so more resistance. This would mean that, although the major breast cancer removed by chemical treatment, but the abnormal stem cells will continue to create cancer cells, causing tumor recurrence. Dr. Weisiwade said: “The ultimate objective is to develop drugs to effectively close the breast cancer cells. To accomplish this, the need to clearly normal and abnormal stem cells, stem cells, the precise genetic constitution. And then develop a drug-confrontational contact with stem cells , medium, and its shortcomings. “At present, the research team is examining the organization of human breast tumors to determine whether and Nazhi human lab rat has the same characteristics.

Early breast cancer without any discomfort, only in the breast there is a relatively small mass, no pain, hurt, nipple is also unchanged, most of the doctors for medical examination found that a few are touched by the patient on their own, after inadvertently and then the doctor diagnosed. Therefore, in order to early detection of breast cancer, especially in middle-aged women should regularly examine their own breast lumps exist. The correct method is to check the fingers straight and close together to lay hands on touch, rather than fingers to mention breast, the normal breast tissue so as not to be mistaken for a mass, if found suspicious breast mass, you must request a medical examination, and make the necessary laboratory tests, including the molybdenum target X-ray, biopsy examination to confirm the diagnosis.

As of early breast cancer lumps smaller, if not alert, the patient easily be ignored, mass gradually increased, invaded the surrounding skin or muscle, with adhesion fixation; nipples recessed, elevation, sometimes bloody fluid overflow, which is immersed in a large ductal breast cancer caused by; skin is orange peel-like change, axillary lymph nodes, quality hard. advanced breast cancer, tumor diameter of more than 5 centimeters, or even ulceration, not only the axillary lymph nodes, supraclavicular lymph nodes, parasternal fossa lymph nodes and contralateral lymph fluid can also be enlarged. cancerous cells can also be transferred through the blood to the lungs, bone or liver. breast cancer during pregnancy and the development of special fast rendering inflammatory cancer, breast swelling and congestion, fever, like acute breast Yan, easily misdiagnosed, also shows that the incidence of breast cancer and sex hormones change. As for the incidence of breast cancer and childbirth and breastfeeding and what relationship, not the current consensus opinion. breast cancer, lumps in the breast accounted for the largest share, but also of benign breast lumps have malignant potential, therefore, for women, breast lumps should be alert and careful scrutiny to prevent misdiagnosis. lobular breast cancer should work with breast fibroadenoma by illness and phase identification.

Comprehensive Treatment

Comprehensive treatment is to surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immune, endocrine and traditional Chinese medicine treatment in a planned, purposeful combination of the treatment.

Why comprehensive treatment of breast cancer?

1, do not think that long lump in the breast will be on the bin down a mastectomy. Because breast cancer is a systemic disease, localized breast cancer, not only in growth, expansion and infiltration, but also through the lymph, lymphatic vessels to regional lymph node metastasis, as well as the transfer of blood to the body. Therefore, breast and regional lymph node resection completed only part of the treatment, there is no other adjuvant treatment measures, such as chemotherapy can not kill the cancer cells into the blood, once it is in an important organ implantation, would destroy the organ’s normal physiological function, resulting in death.

2, integrated treatment is good, the high survival rate

Tianjin Cancer Hospital from the age of 50-90 thousand cases of patients with treatment options and results we can see from the 50’s are mostly non-chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy 90 years, endocrine, immune, genetic, and traditional Chinese medicine such as the integrated use of sequential therapy to 5 years survival rate than the 50 years survival rate increased 31%.

How to carry out a comprehensive treatment?

According to the specific circumstances of patients, the sick sooner or later, pathological inflammation type, number of axillary lymph node metastasis, and receptor status, etc. to adopt a different combined treatment programs. Early breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ and early invasive), very low risk of recurrence from time of radiotherapy. Medium-term postoperative chemotherapy (including 1.5cm above the risk of recurrence in the medium). Middle and Late (axillary lymph node metastasis) should be in the preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy and other adjuvant therapy.

3 years ago, the hospital began to carry out breast-conserving surgery and breast reconstruction surgery. Breast-conserving surgery now accounts for 15% of all breast cancer surgery, and the efficacy of the ideal. Medical statistics show that, compared with non-breast-conserving surgery, breast-conserving surgery in patients with 10-year recurrence rate, mortality rate had no statistical difference. However, not all breast cancer patients are suitable for breast-conserving surgery. Those who received breast-conserving surgery must be early stage of disease, preferably within 3 cm mass in the axillary lymph nodes and no metastasis. Addition, we must take into account other combination of factors.

If the patient can not be implemented breast-conserving surgery, breast reconstruction is the patient’s second choice. Breast reconstruction is most important is the lack of restoration of breast shape. If you choose breast reconstruction with the rectus abdominis, you can also play an abdominal “slimming” effect. As for the whole milk and recycling can be achieved, in addition to the skills of doctors, but also the individual patient’s physical condition, and a great relationship. In general, the size is moderate, OK transverse incision breast cancer patients after modified radical mastectomy, easy to get a better recycling results.

In the end which patients suitable for breast reconstruction, but also the line of what kind of plan surgical reconstruction. Phase Ⅰ reconstruction surgery refers to the radical mastectomy and reconstruction surgery in one step; Ⅱ stage reconstruction technique is a radical operation to resume after the implementation of selective reconstruction surgery. If the line of stage Ⅰ recycling, generally require a smaller risk of relapse in patients with 0 – Ⅱ a period, if the line Ⅱ stage reconstruction of the patient for at least 2 years, preferably more than 5 years without recurrence.

Phase Ⅰ reconstruction surgery benefits: medical oncology and plastic surgery according to the requirements of comprehensive consideration, so plastic worked relatively well, and can save medical costs. Phase Ⅱ reconstruction surgery advantages: patients with fear of cancer recurrence significantly reduced, psychologically more acceptable to breast reconstruction, especially after a long absence of breast pain after a high postoperative satisfaction. Phase Ⅰ chemotherapy of breast cancer reconstruction in general has no effect, but it may impact on the radiation and therefore in need of postoperative radiotherapy should Shenxing Phase Ⅰ recycling. Phase Ⅱ reconstruction surgery is the treatment of breast cancer patients after the completion of all and thus will not impact on it.

Breast reconstruction mainly in the following three ways: First, TRAM flap reconstruction, generally following abdominal TRAM flap reconstruction is most commonly used. Breast reconstruction after the bulky appearance good shape, without prosthesis, and also has the abdomen “slim” double effect. Second, the transfer of latissimus dorsi muscle flap reconstruction. Easy to survival after breast reconstruction surgery is relatively safe and reliable. Third, the gluteus maximus muscle flap graft reconstruction. The best form of post-breast reconstruction, but this law is to rely on microsurgical techniques, so a higher risk of surgical failure.

1, breast cancer patients with postoperative functional exercise

Surgery remains the main method of treatment of breast cancer, breast cancer often occurs after limb dysfunction, mainly for the upper limb lymphedema, limited shoulder range of motion, muscle strength is low, rapid emergence of post-exercise fatigue and Fine motor dysfunction and so on, depending on the extent of surgical procedures and postoperative time, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and functional differences in training and so on. As much as possible to reduce the incidence of upper limb dysfunction, effectively increase the postoperative quality of life, of which a reasonable and timely postoperative functional exercise is to promote the recovery of upper limb function in patients with essential and vital way.

Different methods will give breast cancer, breast cancer surgery upper limb dysfunction brought about different effects, mainly due to axillary lymph node dissection is caused by the armpits to the upper arm medial lymphatic damage. Because lymphatic inevitably be damaged, poor lymphatic drainage, leading to the upper extremity lymphedema. The axillary long-term effusion, mild infections, lymphatic residue will be further damaged, if repeated infections, or even result in the subclavian or axillary vein obstruction, leading to the occurrence of severe edema. The upper extremity lymphedema will affect the upper extremity activities, the activities of limited shoulder. At the same time, the activities of limited shoulder caused by upper limb reduction in activity, will increase the risk of upper limb lymphedema, the two form a vicious circle. Of course, poor wound healing after surgery to make functional training can not be normal, or the patient did not dare to upper limb exercise, have affected the recovery of upper limb function, resulting in varying degrees of activity limitation shoulder. Functional exercises after breast cancer, its significance lies in functional training can reduce the incidence of lymphedema, the promotion of shoulder activity increases.

The timing of breast cancer after functional exercise

At present the general view is that breast cancer patients should be as soon as possible limb functional training. Incision in the armpit scar tissue has not been formed for exercise, can prevent scar contracture around the armpits, muscle atrophy and joint stiffness, but also to avoid contracture of the scar tissue pressure axillary vein, so that axillary venous return obstruction reduced, while the activities of promoting limb blood circulation, increased lymphatic flow, reducing the incidence of edema, or the promotion of edema, thus improving upper extremity function. Studies suggest that breast cancer surgery functional exercise duration should be more than 6 months, especially in the first 3 months, is particularly important. If the patients without limb functional training, then, due to scar tissue contraction will affect the shoulder joint of the activities in the scar tissue in a relatively stable state, even if further training, the effect is not satisfactory.

Molybdenum target x-ray machine, is made of metal molybdenum target surface and filtration plate, resulting in a kind of soft X ray machine. Molybdenum target X-ray machine used by the intake of photos, so that some of the fine structure of mammary gland and small lesions can be clearly shown in the photo. Molybdenum target X-ray diagnosis of breast lesions has become today’s most effective, most reliable means of, in foreign countries, this technology has become a routine breast-screening project.

Do mammography examination, the general photography bilateral anteroposterior internal and external oblique breast films, special situations need to increase shoot, local spot film. Projection process, the machinery of oppression breast plate would exert appropriate pressure, you will find a little discomfort, but it is okay.

Molybdenum drone issued by the soft X-radiation to the breast after installed in the cassette in the special X-ray photographic film, creating an image. As the breast structure, the density of the different components of different organizations will be formed in the X-chip performance of different image, the doctor can have a density difference between these photos of breast disease diagnosis.

Such as lobular hyperplasia, breast fibroids, breast cancer, etc., but these are mostly from the breast disease onset after puberty.

Such as environmental and dietary factors, the incidence of breast cancer has gradually increased, and a younger age trend. Therefore, women after puberty and often concern, and check their own breasts, if the appearance of abnormal, or you can reach mass, should seek medical advice as soon as possible. If conditions permit, we recommend you to every 1 ~ 2 years on a regular basis to the hospital for routine examination Mammography.

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Hospital, director of abdominal surgery physician Professor Zhang Baoning told reporters:

Mammary hyperplasia is a common disease, mostly occurs in 30 to 50-year-old woman. Mammary gland hyperplasia is a normal structure of the disorder. Its occurrence and endocrine dysfunction, progesterone secretion decrease in the relative increase in estrogen related. Studies have shown that, from the morphological view, is not accompanied by simple ductal epithelial hyperplasia of lobular hyperplasia, accounting for 70% of breast hyperplasia, breast cancer will not become. Although only a small number of mammary hyperplasia and malignant lesions will occur, but still can not effect that, should go to the hospital every 3 months review.

Nipple discharge is common, and some are normal physiological phenomenon, some are a manifestation of systemic disease, although some were partially breast lesions as a reaction to. Nipple discharge occurs in many diseases, there is generally summed up in three types: benign and malignant tumors; inflammation; hyperplasia of mammary glands. Tumors accounted for 60% -70%, of which breast cancer accounts for 1 / 4.

Discharge of the characters and the causes not directly related, but bloody, serous, watery discharge in the highest incidence of cancer. Thin bloody discharge the majority of cancer; mucous discharge, mostly benign lesions; and obvious bloody discharge more common intraductal papilloma; purulent discharge caused by multi-system infection. Because nipple discharge in the incidence of breast cancer increases with age increases, so women, if there is a nipple discharge symptoms should immediately go to hospital for treatment.

Some data indicate that early age at the time produced more than 30 years old, has never childbirth, postpartum non-breast-feeding, frequency of abortion, sex life too thin and many other women, a higher incidence of breast hyperplasia. Thus, breast lobular hyperplasia and the relationship between sexual activity is still very close.

In order to reduce the incidence of the disease, from the “nature” perspective, available from the following aspects: First, we must timely marriage and childbearing. We must advocate late marriage and childbearing, but it should not be too late. The best 28-year-old married woman, aged 30, before the birth, too late child-bearing are also negative eugenics. Secondly, we must do a good job of contraception. 6 weeks of pregnancy when the embryo villi secretion of estrogen and progesterone can stimulate breast hyperplasia. If for flow, the proliferation of breast tissue atrophy is not easy, more difficult to restore the status quo ante, and this easy to form a lobular hyperplasia. Third, sexual intercourse regularly. Breasts of women say that breast-feeding is not only an organ, but also sexual organs. Sexual life, the breast will occur periodically change: in the sexual arousal periods, breast venous congestion, the breast increases, fullness; sex duration, the areola congestion, nipple erection; orgasm, these changes have also reached its peak; sex orgasm After the areola congestive quickly faded, a quarter of an hour and then increased gradually to restore the status quo ante of the breast.

Breast of these reactions, functions as a regulator of the breast. If long-term lack of sexual activity, would be the absence of such physiological regulation, it is easy to induce lobular hyperplasia and breast cancer. Therefore, the rules should be carried out between husband and wife sex life. Finally, to breastfeeding. Breastfeeding can reduce the breast hyperplasia and breast cancer incidence.

Mammary hyperplasia accounting for about 75% of breast disease is the most common type of breast disease, occurs in puberty after the start of any age women.

The clinical manifestations of the disease to breast lumps, breast pain, as the basic performance, about 80% of the patients had symptoms of breast pain, multi-bilateral, but also unilateral pain, pain is divided into the nature of pain, tingling, channeling pain, pain or tenderness. The performance of breast pain, often unstable and can be increased before menstruation, often mood swings, tiredness, worse when the weather changes. Breast lumps is the main basis for diagnosis of breast disease. The majority of multiple, tumor size, texture, hard or hard and tough, is not with the skin tumor adhesion, tumor surface, often not smooth, touch is it that grainy. In addition to these symptoms, some patients with nipple itching, discharge and mouth bulging rib pain, chest tightness, loss of appetite, menstrual disorders and other systemic symptoms.

Of this disease may take the following preventive measures:

1, maintaining emotional stability, reduce mental stimulation, according to statistics, 85% of patients before the disease have an adverse emotional changes, mental stimulation can cause elevated levels of estrogen, endocrine disorders.

Second, note that the census work and rest in units of the concentration of intellectuals higher rate of incidence, according to this knowledge, women should pay special attention to work and rest. Also insist on breast-feeding can reduce the incidence, because breast-feeding can reduce the incidence of breast hyperplasia, and can reduce the number of abortions, but also can reduce the incidence.

Third, drug therapy Chinese medicine treatment is currently the main treatment, clinically proven therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine very well.

Yes, breast hyperplasia fear most is you in a good mood! Because in a good mood, and normal ovulation, the ovaries will not be a bad mood the obstruction will not reduce the secretion of progesterone, breast would not be under the unilateral stimulation of estrogen arising from hyperplasia, hyperplasia of the breast will also have progesterone, under the care of a gradual recovery.

Sleeping rules

Laws will not only help balance the endocrine sleep, but also to provide a balance of body hormones play a variety of health effects of the environment as well. Spirit of solidarity and large, collaborative nature of various hormones can beat breast hyperplasia.

A harmonious sexual life

First, a harmonious sex life can regulate endocrine, stimulating progesterone secretion, to increase efforts in protecting the mammary gland and restoration efforts. Of course, the sex hormone estrogen may stimulate the secretion, but under the supervision of the progesterone, estrogen can only obediently breast, there is no opportunity to breast hyperplasia.

In addition, orgasm stimulation can accelerate the blood circulation, to avoid the breast arise due to poor blood running hyperplasia.

Pregnancy, breast-feeding

Pregnancy, breast-feeding is a good way to fight against breast hyperplasia, progesterone secretion adequate to effectively protect, repair, breast; while breast feeding can fully developed and well after weaning degradation, proliferation of easy to occur.

Conditioning menstrual

Clinical findings of women menstrual cycle disorder were more likely than other breast hyperplasia, through the conditioning endocrine conditioning menstruation, but also can prevent and treat breast hyperplasia.

Low-fat high-fiber diet

Follow the “low-fat high-fiber” diet principles, eat whole grains, beans and vegetables, increase the body metabolic pathways to reduce the adverse breast stimulation. Also, control of animal protein intake in order to avoid too much estrogen, causing breast hyperplasia.

Added vitamins, minerals

The absence of human B vitamins, vitamin C or calcium, magnesium and other minerals, synthesis of prostaglandin E, will be affected, breast, other hormones will be stimulated by the emergence or increase the over-proliferation.